Gynaecological Tumours

Specialist care for gynaecological cancer

The Gynaecological Tumours Unit provides medical care for tumours affecting the female reproductive system, including the ovaries, endometrium, cervix, vulva and vagina.

The treatment of gynaecological cancer requires an expert assessment that takes into account not only the location of the tumour, but also its biological behaviour, its extent and the patient’s clinical factors. This analysis enables a treatment strategy tailored to each individual case to be defined.

The unit focuses its work on the systemic treatment of cancer — chemotherapy, targeted therapies, immunotherapy and hormone therapy — integrating this within a multidisciplinary approach in coordination with gynaecological oncology, surgery, radiotherapy and other relevant specialities.

Clinical assessment and treatment planning

The care process begins with a specialist oncology consultation aimed at carrying out a comprehensive assessment of the case.

Imaging studies, histopathological reports and the results of molecular tests, where available, are reviewed in detail. This analysis enables the tumour to be characterised accurately and its clinical behaviour to be understood.

Each case is assessed within a multidisciplinary setting involving the various specialities involved in the treatment of gynaecological cancer. This coordination enables the establishment of a coherent treatment strategy, based on rigorous clinical criteria and tailored to the characteristics of each patient.

Gynaecological tumours treated in the unit

The unit specialises in treating the main gynaecological tumours, with treatment plans tailored to the clinical and biological characteristics of each individual case:

• Ovarian cancer: this usually requires combined strategies incorporating surgery and systemic treatment, depending on the extent of the disease and its biological profile

• Endometrial cancer: requires an individualised treatment plan based on the clinical stage and the molecular characteristics of the tumour

• Cervical cancer: may require a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy depending on the stage of the disease and the patient’s clinical condition

• Vulvar and vaginal tumours: these are less common and require a specific therapeutic approach tailored to each clinical situation

• Rare gynaecological tumours: these require specialised clinical expertise to determine the most appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategy

Understanding the specific characteristics of each type of tumour enables more precise and tailored treatments to be established, as part of an individualised clinical approach.

Systemic treatment in gynaecological oncology

The medical treatment of gynaecological cancer is based on systemic therapies that act on the disease as a whole and are selected according to the type of tumour, its biological profile and the clinical course of each patient.

The incorporation of more specific therapeutic strategies has enabled progress towards a more precise approach, tailored to the molecular characteristics of each tumour.

The treatment plan may include:

• Chemotherapy, as the cornerstone of treatment in many clinical settings, particularly in advanced disease or as part of combination strategies

• Targeted therapies, such as PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer, indicated on the basis of specific molecular alterations

• Immunotherapy, in tumours with certain biological profiles that enable the immune system’s response to cancer to be activated

• Hormone therapies, for hormone-sensitive tumours, particularly in certain types of endometrial cancer

The selection and sequence of these treatments are determined on an individual basis, taking into account the type of tumour, its molecular profile, the extent of the disease and the response to previous therapies.

Clinical follow-up and monitoring of progress

Follow-up is an essential part of the cancer care process. The unit carries out ongoing clinical monitoring aimed at assessing response to treatment, detecting any side effects and adjusting the treatment strategy where necessary.

This follow-up enables us to support the patient through the different stages of the process, from initial treatment through to medium- and long-term monitoring of the disease’s progression.

Coordinated care and clinical support

The treatment of gynaecological cancer requires close coordination between different specialities.

The unit works in an integrated manner with the teams involved to ensure consistency in decision-making and continuity of care. This organisational approach enables us to provide structured care, with personalised planning and ongoing clinical monitoring.

Throughout the process, the patient receives clear information about her diagnosis, the available treatment options and the expected course of the disease, facilitating informed decision-making within a framework of rigorous medical practice.